Chapter 1. Executive Summary
1.1 Aims of This Report
1.2 Summary and Contents
Chapter 2. Introduction
2.1 Immunity and Self Preservation
2.1.1 Innate immunity
2.1.2 Adaptive immunity
2.2 Autoimmune Disease, Antigens and Autoantibodies
2.2.1 Antigens
2.2.2 Autoantibodies
2.3 Inflammation, Regulation and Central Matrix Destruction
2.4 Adhesion Molecules, Cytokines and Chemokines
2.4.1 Adhesion Molecules
2.4.2 Cytokines
2.4.3 Chemokines
2.4.4 Orchestral Role of Cytokines - Primary Focus for Research
2.5 Aetiology of AI Disease
2.6 Spectrum of Autoimmune Disease
2.6.1 Organ-Specific AI Disease
2.6.2 Non-Organ Specific AI Disease
Chapter 3. Autoimmune Disease and the Anti-inflammatory Market
3.1 World Sales of Leading Anti-inflammatories, 2006
3.2 Anti-inflammatory Drug Sales by Indication
3.3 Immunomodulation is a Fast Growing Treatment Strategy
3.3.1 The Anti-inflammatory Cytokines
3.4 AI Diseases with Biggest Impact on the Pharmaceutical Market
Chapter 4. The Balance between Inflammation and Immunity
4.1 Immunology of the Bowel
4.2 Adaptive Mucosal Immunity
4.3 Innate Mucosal Immunity
4.3.1 Extracellular level
4.3.2 Epithelial cell
4.3.3 Sub-cellular level
4.4 Paneth Cells
Chapter 5. Inflammatory Bowel Disease [IBD]
5.1 Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease
5.2 Aetiology of IBD
5.2.1 Environmental Factors
5.2.2 Genetic Predisposition
5.2.3 Role of the Adaptive Immune System
5.2.4 Role of the Innate Immune System
5.2.5 Psychoneuroimmunology and Stress
5.3 Signs, Symptoms and Prognosis of IBD
5.3.1 Characteristic Signs of IBD
5.3.1.1 Ulcerative Colitis
5.3.1.2 Crohn's Disease
5.3.2 Characteristic Symptoms of IBD
5.3.2.1 Ulcerative Colitis
5.3.2.2 Crohn's Disease
5.3.3 Characteristic Extra-intestinal Manifestations of IBD
5.3.4 Prognosis of IBD
5.4 Diagnosis of IBD
5.4.1 Differential Diagnosis of CD and UC
5.4.2 Differential Diagnosis of IBD and Other Intestinal Diseases
5.5 Biological markers
5.5.1 Faecal Calprotectin
5.5.2 Lactoferrin
5.5.3 ASCA and pANCA
5.6 Treatment Options for IBD
5.6.1 General Supportive Therapy
5.6.2 Aminosalicylates
5.6.3 Leading Aminosalicylates
5.6.4 Pentasa
5.6.5 Colazal
5.6.6 Dipentum
5.6.7 Corticosteroids
5.6.8 Immunomodulators
5.6.9 Antibiotics
5.6.10 Biological Immunomodulators
5.6.11 TNF- alpha Antagonists
5.6.12 Remicade
5.6.13 Humira
5.6.14 Enbrel
Chapter 6. The Potential Market for IBD Anti-inflammatories
6.1 World Prevalence Rates
6.1.1 Environmental factors
6.1.2 Gender and Age
6.2 Economic Burden of IBD
6.3 World IBD Anti-Inflammatory Market
6.3.1 The US and Canada
6.3.2 Europe - Germany, UK, Italy and France
6.3.3 Central and South America
6.3.4 Conclusions
Chapter 7. World Pharma Market for Intestinal Anti-inflammatories
7.1 The 5-ASAs Intestinal Anti-inflammatories
7.1.1 World Leading Brand Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs)
7.1.2 World leading Manufacturers- the Key Players
7.1.2.1 Proctor & Gamble
7.1.2.2 Ferring
7.1.2.3 UCB
7.1.2.4 Salix Pharmaceuticals
7.1.3 Global Sales of Mesalazine
7.2 Future 5-ASA Market, 2007-2012
7.3 5-ASA Brand Forecasts, 2007-2012
7.3.1 Asacol/ Salofalk
7.3.2 Pentasa
7.3.3 Colazal
7.3.4 Azulfidine EN
7.3.5 Dipentum
7.4 Anti-TNF- alpha Antagonists in 2006
7.4.1 World Leading Brand Anti-TNF- alpha
7.5 Anti-TNF- alpha Biologicals, 2007-2012
7.5.1 Remicade
7.5.2 Humira
Chapter 8. Pipeline, Analysis and Effect on the Market
8.1 Main Pipeline Targets in Phase III
8.1.1 Anti-TNF- alpha monoclonal antibodies
8.1.2 Cytokine inhibitors
8.1.3 Selective adhesion molecule antagonists
8.1.4 Others
8.2 Market Pipelines for Anti-TNF- alpha Products
8.2.1 Adalimumab - Humira from Abbott
8.2.2 Certolizumab- Cimzia from UCB
8.2.3 Etanercept - Enbrel from Amgen and Wyeth
8.2.4 Onercept from Serono Merck
8.2.5 CDP 571 from Biogen
8.2.6 Thalidomide
8.2.7 Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase
8.3 Market Pipeline for Other cytokine Inhibitors
8.3.1 ABT-874 - Anti-IL-12 p40 Antibody from Abbott
8.3.2 Tocilizumab- (MRA) Anti-IL-6 Antibody from Roche
8.3.3 Daclizumab - Anti-IL-2 Receptor Antibody from Roche
8.3.4 Basiliximab - Anti-IL-2 Receptor Antibody from Novartis
8.3.5 Fontolizumab - Anti -IFN- gamma Antibody from Biopharma
8.4 Adhesion Molecule Inhibitors
8.4.1 Natalizumab from Biogen Idec and Elan
8.4.2 MLN-02 from Millennium Pharmaceuticals
8.4.3 Alicaforsen (ISIS 2302)
8.5 Others
8.5.1 Sargramostim (GM-CSF) Leukine from Schering
8.5.2 Visilizumab from Nuvion and PDL Biopharma
Chapter 9. Conclusions
List of Figures
6.1 Prevalence Rates of IBD worldwide in 2004
6.2 World Intestinal Inflammatory Market by Revenues
6.3 World Intestinal Inflammatory Market by % Share
6.4 Revenues from the North American Intestinal Anti-inflammatory Market in 2005
6.5 Revenues from the European Intestinal Anti-inflammatory Market in 2005
6.6 Revenues from the Intestinal Anti-inflammatory Market in Latin America, 2005
7.1 Sales of Mesalazine Products during the 12 months to Q3, 2006
7.2 Share of the 5-ASA Market for IBD of Different Brands
7.3 Share of the Mesalazine Market for IBD of Different Brands
7.4 Growth of the 5-ASA Market Worldwide, 2007- 2012
7.5 5-ASA Product Revenues Worldwide, 2007-2012
7.6 Annual growth Rates for 5-ASAs Worldwide, 2007- 2012
7.7 Global Sales for Asacol/Salofalk, 2007-2012
7.8 AGR of Asacol and Salofalk, 2007-2012
7.9 Global Sales of Pentasa, 2007-2012
7.10 AGR for Pentasa, 2007-2012
7.11 Global Sales of Colazal, 2007-2012
7.12 AGR for Colazal
7.13 Global Sales of Azulfidine EN, 2007-2012
7.14 AGR of Azulfidine EN, 2007-2012
7.15 Forecast of Revenue from anti-TNF- alpha Products for the Period 2007-2012
7.16 World Revenues for Remicade, 2007- 2012
7.17 AGR for Remicade, 2007- 2012
7.18 World Revenues for Humira, 2007-2012
7.19 AGR for Humira, 2007-2012
List of Tables
2.1 Pro-inflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines
2.2 Spectrum of Autoimmune Disease
3.1 World Sales of Leading Prescription Anti-inflammatories, 2006
3.2 Leading Prescription Drugs by Disease Area for 2005
5.1 Treatment Algorithm for UC
5.2 Treatment Algorithm for CD
5.3 Brands Generating Highest Revenue Worldwide during 2006
7.1 The World Market for Asacol, 2007-2012
7.2 The Market for Salofalk, 2007-2012
7.3 The market for Pentasa, 2007-2012
7.4 The Market for Colazal, 2007- 2012
7.5 The Market for Azulfidine EN, 2007- 2012
7.6 Approved indications for the different anti-TNF- alpha biologicals
7.7 The World Market for Remicade by Revenue, 2005-2012
7.8 The World Market for Humira by Revenue, 2005-2012
7.9 Global Sales of Pentasa, 2007-2012
7.10 AGR for Pentasa, 2007-2012
7.11 Global Sales of Colazal, 2007-2012
7.12 AGR for Colazal
7.13 Global Sales of Azulfidine EN, 2007-2012
7.14 AGR of Azulfidine EN, 2007-2012
7.15 Forecast of Revenue from anti-TNF- alpha Products for the Period 2007-2012
7.16 World Revenues for Remicade, 2007- 2012
7.17 AGR for Remicade, 2007- 2012
7.18 World Revenues for Humira, 2007-2012
7.19 AGR for Humira, 2007-2012